Adjectives and Adverbs

An adjective is a word that describes a noun. In English, an adjective is mentioned before the noun. However, in Dari the adjective comes after the noun. Also, the noun ends with the sound of the vowel e' followed by the adjective. The vowel e' is only pronounced and is not written. This vowel is almost the equivalent of 'which is' in English. So, Motar e maqbool literally means 'The car that/which is nice.'

Therefore: e = that/which is

Examples: 

Nice/pretty car - motar  e maqbool -  موتر مقبول
      White dog - Sag e safed - سگ سفید

 New house - Khaana e naw - خانهء نو 
Good student - Shaakerd e khoob - شاگرد خوب 
         Smart woman - zan e hoshiaar - زن هوشیار
  Honest man - Mard e saadeq - مرد صادق
 Big room - Otaaq e kalaan - اتاق کلان
Old shirt -  Peraahan e kohna - پیراهن کهنه

Any noun that ends with a Hay, ( ه ) receives a hamza, ( ء ) as a suffix to signify the connecting sound of the vowel ( e ) between the noun and the adjective: خانهء نو

An adverb is a word or phrase that modifies or qualifies a verb, an adjective, or other adverb expressing a relation of place, time, circumstance, manner, cause, degree, etc.

He/she never came. - o hargez nayaamad. - او هرگز نیامد

I went last year. - Paarsaal raftam. - .پارسال رفتم

Come closer. - Nazdeek biyaa. -  .نزدیک بیا

He/She climbed easily. - O ba aasaani baalaas shod .او به آسانی بالا شد

The cake is very sweet. - Cake besyaar shirin ast. -  .کیک بسیار شیرین است

Sometimes I laugh. Gah .گاهی میخندم